Easy2 How-To

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Installing Drop-down Stairs

OVERVIEW

Introduction

To plan this project, scout out the best location for your new disappearing stairway. Select the room you want to install it in and make sure there is enough room for the stairs to unfold easily. Then you need to scope out the attic. You will want to install the new stairway parallel with your ceiling joists. This way you should only need to cut 1 joist length to create your rough opening. In the area you plan to cut the opening, check for any wiring that may need to be re-routed.

BEFORE You Start...

Skill Level & Time to Complete

• Beginner - 5 to 6 hours

• Intermediate - 4 to 5 hours

• Advanced - 3 to 4 hours

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This project is not recommended if you have trusses or limited standing room in your attic.

Always wear eye protection when working with power tools and striking tools.

If you do not have a floor in your attic, be careful as you walk around up there. Lay a few short planks across the joists to give yourself a place to work and put your tools on.

When building the rough opening in your ceiling, be sure to double-up the headers on either end of the rough-in frame as explained in the steps below.

- Using a hammer and nails to install the rough opening can cause your drywall to loosen or crack. Use a screw gun and long screws instead.

- When cutting the drywall in your ceiling, put down a drop cloth and turn off your HVAC system. This will help control the dust.

SHOPPING LIST

Materials List

   Folding stair kit

   2 inch x 6 inch lumber (or same width as existing joists)

   1 inch x 4 inch wood

Tools List

   Hammer

   Screw gun

   Reciprocating saw

   Drill bits

   Square

   Shop vacuum

1.	Once you have selected the ideal spot for your new stairs, pull back the insulation in your floor to expose the area for the rough opening. You will build the entire rough-in frame before cutting the ceiling drywall. That way you can use the rough frame to guide your saw.
2.	Determine the final rough opening size you will need for the stair kit. This should be about ½” longer and ½” wider than the stair frame so that you will have ¼” all the way around the stair frame. Add the thickness of four ceiling joists to your length dimension. (We reference 2” x 6” ceiling joists in this tutorial, but your joists may be 2” x 8”.) “Two-by” boards are usually 1 ½” thick, so you will probably being adding 6” to your length dimension; 4 times 1 ½” equals 6”. Using this dimension, mark the joist you need to cut in the position you want the stairway opening. Use a square to mark the height of the joist for cutting. Using a reciprocating saw, cut through the joist in both places. Pull out the joist piece you have cut free. Do not stand on the cut joists.
3.	Measure the distance between the 2 joists on either side of the joist you cut. Cut four 2” x 6”s (or 2” x 8”s depending on your joists) to this length. These will be your headers. Position the first headers perpendicular to the joists and up against the ends of the joist you cut. Use a square to make sure all corners are 90 degrees. Use a screw gun and put 3 (3-1/2” x 8) screws into all joists that touch the headers.
4.	Place the second header set flat against the first headers. Screw these to the perpendicular joists. Also, put a few screws through the second headers into the first headers.
5.	Using 1 of the existing joists as 1 side of your rough-in opening, measure the width required for your final rough opening. Cut a 2”x 6” (or 2” x 8”) to form the other side of the opening. Again use a square to make sure all corners are 90 degrees. Use lag bolts to screw this short joist in place.

6.	Using the rough-in frame as a guide, cut the drywall out of the rough opening with a reciprocating saw.
7.	From the room underneath your drop-in stairs, use drywall screws to fasten all edges of the drywall to the rough opening frame.
8.	Using strips of 1” x 4” wood, screw in ledgers on both ends of the opening on the face of the ceiling. These will support the stair kit while you screw it in place. Get a helper and lift the stair kit through the opening and rest it on the supports
9.	Using shims, position the stair kit in the middle of the opening and screw it to your rough-in frame. Once the stair kit is securely fastened, remove the support strips from the ceiling.
10.	The ladder portion of the new stairway is probably longer than required. Determine the correct length of the ladder to reach from the ceiling to the floor. Trim the ladder stringers. Angle the cut so the ladder sits squarely on the floor. You are now ready to add a molding around the perimeter of the stair kit and give it a few coats of paint to make it blend into your ceiling.